A Summary Indirect Speech Of Statement

           


    The following bellow is a summary of one of the class XII English lessons that I have learned, namely Indirect Speech of Statement. 

1. Direct Speech (Direct Sentence) 
    Direct speech is the original quote of a conversation without any change. 
    s + saying verb +, + "s + v."

2. Indirect Speech (Indirect Sentences)
    Indirect speech is a report sentence to rettel one's  conversation  with a few modifications.
    s + saying verb + that + s + v. 

   Saying Verb
- Said           : Mengatakan 
- Told           : Memberitahukan
- Yelled        : Berteriak
- Cried          : Berteriak
- Whined      : Merengek
- Grumbled  : Menggerutu
- Stuttered   : Berbicara dengan gagap
- Whispered : Berbisik
  
   Special vocabulary that changes from Direct to Indirect :
• Direct
1. Now
2. Today
3. Tomorrow
4. Next ... (week/month)
5. Yesterday
6. ...(week/month) ago
7. Here
8. This
9. These
  
• Indirect
1. Then
2. That day
3. The day after 
     The following day
4. The ... (week/mont) after 
    The following ...
5. The day before
     The previous day
6. The ... (week/mont) ago
     The previous ... 
7. There
8. That
9. Those

    Modals changed from Direct Speech to Indirect Speech :
• Direct
1. s + Can + v1.
2. s + May + v1.
3. s + Shall + v1.
4. s + Must + v1.
  
• Indirect
1. s + Could + v1.
2. s + Might + v1.
3. s + Should + v1.
4. s + Had to + v1.

    Change Tenses from Direct Speech to Indirect Speech :
• Direct
1. Simple Future Tense
     s + will + v1.
2. Future Continuous Tense
     s + will be + v-ing.
3. Future Perfect Tense
     s + will have + v3.
4. Simple Present Tense
     s + v1.
5. Present Continuous Tense
     s + am/is/are + v-ing. 
6. Present Perfect Tense
    s + have/has + v3.
7. Simple Past Tense
    s + v2.
8. Past Continuous Tense
     s + was/were + v-ing. 
9. Past Perfect Tense
     s + had + v3.

• Indirect
1. Past Future Tense
     s + would + v1.
2. Past Future Continuous Tense
    s + would be + v-ing.
3. Past Future Perfect Tense
    s + would have + v3.
4. Simple Past Tense
    s + v2
5. Past Continuous Tense
    s + was/were + v-ing. 
6. Past Perfect Tense
    s + had + v3.
7. Past Perfect Tense
    s + had + v3.
8. Past Continuous Tense
    s + had been + v-ing. 
9. Past Perfect Tense
    s + had + v3.

    So many articles this time, I apologize if there are mistakes and I thank you for those who have read.  hope it can be useful :) !


  

   

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